Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and comfort of these products largely depend on their raw material composition. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene
– Perforated plastic film
– Cotton or cotton blends

Properties: Soft, breathable, and quick-drying to prevent skin irritation and maintain comfort.

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial layer that absorbs menstrual fluid. Common materials include:

– Wood pulp (fluff pulp)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both

Properties: High absorbency, good retention capacity, and ability to lock in moisture to prevent leakage.

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet prevents leakage and keeps moisture from reaching clothing. Materials include:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous film
– Biodegradable materials in eco-friendly options

Properties: Waterproof, flexible, and comfortable against clothing.

### 4. Adhesive Layer

This component keeps the pad in place:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive
– Medical-grade glue
– Wing adhesives (for winged pads)

Properties: Strong enough to stay in place but gentle on fabric and easy to remove.

## Additional Components

### 1. Release Paper

Protects the adhesive before use, usually made from silicone-coated paper or plastic film.

### 2. Fragrance Components (Optional)

Some pads include:

– Natural essential oils
– Synthetic fragrances
– Odor-neutralizing agents

### 3. Side Barriers

Prevents side leakage, often made from hydrophobic materials like polypropylene.

## Material Properties and Considerations

### 1. Absorbency

The combination of fluff pulp and SAP determines the pad’s absorbency. SAP can absorb many times its weight in liquid.

### 2. Breathability

Important for skin health, achieved through porous top sheets and breathable back sheets.

### 3. Hypoallergenic Properties

Many manufacturers now use dermatologically tested materials to reduce allergic reactions.

### 4. Biodegradability

Eco-friendly options use:

– Organic cotton
– Bamboo fiber
– Biodegradable polymers

## Future Trends in Sanitary Pad Materials

The industry is moving toward:

– More sustainable and biodegradable materials
– Enhanced comfort technologies
– Improved absorption with thinner designs
– Natural antibacterial properties

Understanding these material compositions helps consumers choose products that align with their comfort needs, health considerations, and environmental values.