Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

# Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

Sanitary napkins are essential feminine hygiene products designed to provide comfort, protection, and convenience during menstruation. Understanding the raw materials used in their production helps consumers make informed choices about the products they use. Let’s explore the key components of sanitary napkins and their functions.

## 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven fabric: Soft, breathable, and comfortable
– Perforated plastic film: Provides a dry surface feel
– Cotton-like materials: For extra softness and comfort

Function: Allows quick absorption of menstrual flow while keeping the surface dry and comfortable.

## 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial part of the sanitary napkin, responsible for absorbing and retaining fluid. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp: Wood pulp that provides bulk absorption
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP): Highly absorbent materials that lock in moisture
– Airlaid paper: Lightweight and highly absorbent

Function: Quickly absorbs and retains menstrual flow to prevent leakage and maintain dryness.

## 3. Back Sheet (Barrier Layer)

The back sheet prevents leakage and protects clothing. Materials include:

– Polyethylene (PE) film: Waterproof and flexible
– Breathable microporous film: Allows air circulation while preventing leaks
– Non-woven fabric with PE coating: Combines breathability with protection

Function: Creates a waterproof barrier while allowing the skin to breathe.

## 4. Adhesive Layer

This component keeps the pad in place:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive: Applied to the back sheet

– Wing adhesives: For securing wings in winged pads

Function: Secures the pad to underwear and prevents shifting during movement.

## 5. Release Paper

The protective layer removed before use:

– Silicon-coated paper
– Plastic film

Function: Protects the adhesive layer before use and is easily removable.

## 6. Optional Components

Additional features may include:

– Fragrance additives: For odor control
– Aloe vera or chamomile: For skin soothing
– Antibacterial agents: For extra hygiene
– Colorants: For aesthetic appeal

## Environmental Considerations

With growing environmental awareness, manufacturers are developing eco-friendly alternatives:

– Biodegradable materials
– Organic cotton top sheets
– Plant-based SAP
– Compostable back sheets

Understanding these components helps consumers choose products that best suit their needs while being mindful of health and environmental impacts. When selecting sanitary napkins, consider both performance and the materials used to ensure comfort, protection, and sustainability.