Sanitary Pad Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

# Sanitary Pad Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Composition

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow and provide comfort during menstruation. Understanding the raw materials used in their production helps consumers make informed choices about the products they use.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic film
– Cotton or bamboo fiber blends

This layer needs to be soft, breathable, and quick-drying to prevent skin irritation while allowing fluid to pass through to the absorbent core.

### 2. Absorbent Core

The heart of the sanitary pad consists of:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Sometimes cotton or rayon fibers

The absorbent core is responsible for quickly drawing in and retaining menstrual fluid. SAP can absorb many times its weight in liquid, transforming it into a gel to prevent leakage.

### 3. Back Sheet

This waterproof layer prevents leaks and is usually made from:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Biodegradable materials in eco-friendly options

The back sheet must be flexible enough for comfort while providing reliable protection against stains and leaks.

### 4. Adhesive Components

Sanitary pads include:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for attachment to underwear
– Release paper to protect the adhesive before use
– Sometimes wing adhesives for secure fit

## Additional Features and Materials

### 1. Fragrance Components

Some pads include:

– Perfume microcapsules
– Natural essential oils
– Odor-neutralizing agents

However, fragrance-free options are recommended for sensitive skin.

### 2. Wing Materials

Winged pads feature:

– Extended non-woven fabric flaps
– Additional adhesive strips
– Sometimes elastic components for better fit

### 3. Packaging Materials

Pads are typically packaged in:

– Polyethylene wrappers
– Recyclable paper packaging

– Individual wrappers for discretion

## Environmental Considerations

Recent innovations focus on sustainable materials:

– Organic cotton topsheets
– Bamboo fiber components
– Biodegradable backsheets
– Chlorine-free fluff pulp
– Plant-based adhesives

## Conclusion

Understanding the raw materials in sanitary pads helps consumers choose products that align with their comfort needs, skin sensitivity, and environmental values. As technology advances, we continue to see improvements in both performance and sustainability of these essential hygiene products.